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This paper analyzes the importance of strengthening the relationship of accountability between health service providers and citizens for improving access to and quality of health care. How this is to be achieved, and whether it works, however, remain open questions. The paper presents a randomized field experiment on increasing community-based monitoring. As communities began to more extensively monitor the provider, both the quality and quantity of health service provision improved. One year into the program, there are large increases in utilization, significant weight-for-age z-score gains of infants, and markedly lower deaths among children. The findings on staff behavior suggest that the improvements in quality and quantity of health service delivery resulted from an increased effort by the staff to serve the community. Overall, the results suggest that community monitoring can play an important role in improving service delivery when traditional top-down supervision is ineffective.

Antenatal care --- Clinics --- Community participation --- Family planning --- Health care --- Health Monitoring and Evaluation --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Immunization --- Intervention --- Primary health care --- Primary schools --- Workers

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Promoting quality health services to large population segments is a key ingredient to human and economic development. At its core, healthcare policymaking involves complex tradeoffs between promoting equitable and affordable access to a basic set of health services, creating incentives for efficiencies in the healthcare system, and managing constraints in government budgets. International trade in health services influences these tradeoffs. It presents opportunities for cost savings and access to better quality care, but it also raises challenges in promoting equitable and affordable access. Drawing on a research project of the ASEAN Economic Forum, this paper offers a discussion of trade policy in health services for the ASEAN region. It reviews the state of healthcare in the region, existing patterns of trade, and remaining barriers to trade. The paper also identifies policy measures that could further harness the benefits from trade in health services and address potential pitfalls that deeper integration may bring about.

Antenatal Care --- Clinics --- Dentistry --- Health --- Health Monitoring and Evaluation --- Health Outcomes --- Health Services --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Hospitals --- Immunization --- Infectious Diseases --- Medical Specialists --- Migration --- Nurses --- Nursing --- Patient --- Patients --- Pharmacists --- Physicians --- Primary Health Care --- Public Health --- Workers

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The JPM introduces the newest and more interesting aspects of research in prenatal genetics, invasive procedures, ultrasound and high risk pregnancy. The aim of the journal is to focus on the deep interactions among several aspects of genetic diagnostic, with a particular regard on molecular biology, ultrasound and biophysical diagnostic and studies on fetal diseases and anomalies. In general the scope is to publish the most interesting researches on pathophysiology, clinical and therapy in fetal-maternal-placental unit. The journal also publishes easy editorial and mini-review articles in order to build the knowledge for introduce clinical guidelines. The original articles will be carefully evaluated and selected to give absolutely corrected scientific contribute.

Perinatology --- Newborn infants --- Neonatology --- Prenatal Diagnosis. --- Prenatal Care. --- Fetal Diseases. --- Neonatology. --- Perinatology. --- Obstetrícia --- Pediatria --- Neonatologia --- Diagnòstic prenatal --- Cura prenatal --- Diseases --- Revistes. --- Diseases. --- Medicine, Perinatal --- Perinatal medicine --- Neonatal pediatrics --- Embryopathies --- Disease, Fetal --- Diseases, Fetal --- Embryopathy --- Fetal Disease --- Antenatal Care --- Care, Antenatal --- Care, Prenatal --- Antenatal Diagnosis --- Antenatal Screening --- Diagnosis, Antenatal --- Diagnosis, Intrauterine --- Prenatal Screening --- Diagnosis, Prenatal --- Intrauterine Diagnosis --- Antenatal Diagnoses --- Antenatal Screenings --- Diagnoses, Antenatal --- Diagnoses, Intrauterine --- Diagnoses, Prenatal --- Intrauterine Diagnoses --- Prenatal Diagnoses --- Prenatal Screenings --- Screening, Antenatal --- Screening, Prenatal --- Screenings, Antenatal --- Screenings, Prenatal --- Infants (Newborn) --- Neonates --- Newborns (Infants) --- Obstetrics --- Pediatrics --- Pregnancy --- Preconception Care --- Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena --- Genetic Testing --- Neonatal Screening --- Preimplantation Diagnosis --- Genetic Services --- Infants --- Fetal Diseases --- Prenatal Care --- Prenatal Diagnosis --- Gynecology & Obstetrics --- Fetal Medicine --- Maternal-Fetal Medicine --- Materno-Fetal Medicine --- Fetal Medicines --- Maternal Fetal Medicine --- Maternal-Fetal Medicines --- Materno Fetal Medicine --- Materno-Fetal Medicines --- Medicine, Fetal --- Medicine, Maternal-Fetal --- Medicine, Materno-Fetal --- Fetal Diagnosis --- Fetal Imaging --- Fetal Screening --- Diagnosis, Fetal --- Fetal Diagnoses --- Fetal Imagings --- Fetal Screenings --- Imaging, Fetal --- Screening, Fetal